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by Ewa Morawska (Author)
This captivating story of the Jewish community in Johnstown, Pennsylvania reveals a pattern of adaptation to American life surprisingly different from that followed by Jewish immigrants to metropolitan areas. Although four-fifths of Jewish immigrants did settle in major cities, another fifth created small-town communities like the one described here by Ewa Morawska. Rather than climbing up the mainstream education and occupational success ladder, the Jewish Johnstowners created in the local economy a tightly knit ethnic entrepreneurial niche and pursued within it their main life goals: achieving a satisfactory standard of living against the recurrent slumps in local mills and coal mines and enjoying the company of their fellow congregants. Rather than secularizing and diversifying their communal life, as did Jewish immigrants to larger cities, they devoted their energies to creating and maintaining an inclusive, multipurpose religious congregation.
Morawska begins with an extensive examination of Jewish life in the Eastern European regions from which most of Johnstown's immigrants came, tracing features of culture and social relations that they brought with them to America. After detailing the process by which migration from Eastern Europe occurred, Morawska takes up the social organization of Johnstown, the place of Jews in that social order, the transformation of Jewish social life in the city, and relations between Jews and non-Jews. The resulting work will appeal simultaneously to students of American history, of American social life, of immigration, and of Jewish experience, as well as to the general reader interested in any of these topics.Back Jacket
This captivating story of the Jewish community in pre-World War II Johnstown, a steel town in western Pennsylvania, reveals a pattern of adaptation to American life quite different from that followed by big-city settlers. Whereas the majority of turn-of-the-century East European Jewish immigrants settled in major cities, no less than one-quarter made their lives in small towns; unlike that of metropolitan residents, the experience of small-town Jews has been investigated very little. Based on fine-grained historical ethnographic research, Ewa Morawska's study shows why and how, rather than climbing up the mainstream educational and occupational success ladder as did metropolitan Jews, their Johnstown fellow ethnics created in the local economy a tightly knit entrepreneurial niche and through the interwar period pursued within it their main life goals: achieving a satisfactory standard of living against the recurrent slumps in local mills and coal mines, and enjoying the company of their fellow congregants. And it reveals why and how, rather than quickly secularizing and diversifying their ethnic group institutions and activities as did big-city Jews, the Johnstowners devoted their energies to creating and maintaining an inclusive, multi-purpose religious congregation in which changes were introduced only slowly and at half-measures.
Author Biography
Ewa Morawska is Professor of Sociology and History at the University of Pennsylvania and the author of a study of Johnstown Slavic immigrants, For Bread with Butter.
