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by C. W. Empson (Author)
John of Gaunt was an English prince in the 14th century whose political skills and astute negotiating strengthened the monarchy of his nephew, King Richard II.
A talented and able negotiator and statesman, John of Gaunt's actions were pivotal amid the politically fractious climate of the 14th century. The rivalling nobilities, each with many lords under their vassalage, threatened to throw England into Civil War. Gaunt's role was one of peacekeeping, of tending the scales of power to ensure a fine and stable balance endured. In this he was successful, with England remaining united and militarily able despite the agitations of squabbling nobles.
In contrast to his political maneuverings, Gaunt's military career was fraught with misfortune; in 1386, John's attempt to lay claim to the throne of Castile and Leon in Spain ended in failure when his forces were routed by the local army. Though John's claim to this throne via marriage to Constance of Castile was a sound one, it was only achieved when Gaunt's son and heir Henry sought it years later.
However, the aftermath of this excursion saw John resume his peacemaking position in England, wherein he again averted conflict and ensured the nation's unity.
